Word: nationalities
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...nation that has always adored social satire, Mikhail Zhvanetsky, 55, is the undisputed comic laureate of glasnost. Once forced to circulate tapes of his routines underground, today Zhvanetsky plays thousand-seat arenas, appears on national television and counts Politburo member Alexander Yakovlev among his fans. To give readers a flavor of his comedic style, TIME asked Zhvanetsky to write a monologue about his trip to the U.S. last year...
...that Kuchmin was in complete agreement with those critics in Moscow who he felt "showed only the negative sides of our history" and drew too many "unfair comparisons" with the U.S. "We are the same people as we were then," he explained. "We can't just exchange this nation for another...
...society that is not just puritanical but almost completely ignorant about sexuality. The typical Soviet woman has nine abortions not because of liberal attitudes but because the procedure is a substitute for contraception, which is essentially unavailable. Says Igor Kon, a founding father of Soviet sociology and the nation's leading -- and perhaps only -- sexologist: "If you want to imagine the atmosphere in the Soviet Union, imagine a world before Kinsey -- even before Freud...
...help children cope with the demands of a changing society, many teachers are encouraging a spirit of inquiry. Some ninth- and tenth-graders are choosing their own elective courses. Rote learning, long the mainstay of education for the 42 million students in the nation's 130,000 schools, is beginning to yield to free debate. Like America's system of local school boards, councils made up of trade-union and party members, parents and students have been created to give people more control over their children's classrooms. Boring textbooks that only timidly touched upon the terrors of Stalin have...
...cannot lead the way to reform, they can only reflect society, not shape it. Some of the harshest criticism comes from Uchitelskaya Gazeta, a pro-reform teachers' newspaper that regularly berates the State Committee for Public Education and the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences. Those two mammoth bureaucracies oversee the nation's school system and train its 4 million teachers. Reformers believe that both block educators eager to try more innovative methods...