Word: nationality
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Dates: during 1890-1899
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England in this controversy claims first that the condition of affairs in South Africa is intolerable and demands a remedy. Second, as a nation she has a right to secure the remedy. Third, the best remedy is a reasonable franchise grant to the Uitlanders. Regarding the first of these, that the condition of affairs in the Transvaal demanded a remedy, he cited cases to prove that there was no representation in equality before the law, grievous economic burdens and insecurity of life and property. He then went on to show that grievances in South Africa are wide spread and deep...
Bruce, instead of Mayer, as was expected, opened the rebuttal for Harvard. He said that England did not bring on the war, since the Transvaal issued an ultimatum which no nation could stand, and since the condition of two-thirds of the people in the Transvaal was such as to bring on war in any case. There is no probability of a more peaceful attitude toward the Uitlanders in future, because the younger Boers are more hostile to them than the older men. The change was bound to come, and would have come by a revolution, if England...
Mayer, the next on rebuttal for Harvard, called attention to the fact that during the whole debate the negative had not even defined suzerainty. As for this suzerainty, England has claimed no more than any other nation, that of protection to her subjects in a foreign land. The negative has not attempted to deny the presence of a civilizing power in the Transvaal, resulting from the presence of the English; and what is more, they admit that the grievances against the English are many. The people of the Transvaal, though they recognized the value of the English and invited them...
Weston opened by defining suzerainty as the general right of one nation to interfere in the internal affairs of another nation over which the right exists. In this controversy, the negotiations hinged on suzerainty and not on international law. England refused to accept specific reforms and the question came down to one of franchise. The Transvaal asked England to stand by her statesmen and courts, whose opinions were that suzerainty did not exist. England's magnanimity had been tried and found warning. She never claimed that the conventions have been broken nor would she accept the remedies of grievances because...
...most important results were those obtained by the committee on arbitration. Before the Hague treaty was signed there was no real code of International law; so that this treaty has been aptly called the "Magna Charta of International Law." By it, arbitration is not compulsory, but every nation is urged to resort to it. Four judges are to be selected from each nation, from whom each of the contending parties will select two and these judges will select a fifth. The nations must agree to abide by the decision of the board of arbitration...