Word: nationalization
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Year later the Allied peacemakers, in the Treaty of St. Germain, set the boundaries for the new nation. To give Czecho-Slovakia a natural barrier which would serve to halt a German push to the east, the Allies, pressed by France and England, forwent strict interpretation of the principle of self-determination and recognized the Czech claim to the Sudeten region, largely populated by Germans. Also included within the frontiers was a small Polish minority in Silesia, a larger Hungarian minority in south Slovakia and the inhabitants of Carpathian Ruthenia, formerly under Hungarian rule, who requested union with...
...extensive "Maginot Line" of concrete fortifications and emplacements rooted in the Sudetens, President Benes believes he could hold off a German attack for three weeks. By falling back to a second defense line in the cross-country high Moravian plateau east of Prague, his general staff is convinced the nation could hang on for three months more...
...forget that they are blood cousins of the great Slav state of Russia. Eduard Benes naturally hopes for fulfillment of the pacts he drew up. But Yugoslavia and Rumania are gravitating closer to the Rome-Berlin axis, French Rightists openly predict that France will never come to the little nation's aid and even French Socialists and Radical Socialists are lukewarm to the pledge. The effectiveness of Russian assistance, weakened by purges in the Red Army and by internal conditions, is a large unknown. However, what Bismarck said about Bohemia still holds, and if Czechoslovakia's allies might...
...Sudetens, next to Poland's Ukrainians, constitute the largest national minority in Europe. The Slavs held the Sudeten region as early as the Sixth Century but in the Twelfth Germans filtered in as monks, townsmen, traders, artisans. They naturally became the manufacturers of the 19th Century Bohemian industrial revolution. Favored by the Habsburg regime, they looked down on their agricultural Czech, Slovak neighbors. In the post-War years, when the Czechs became the top-dogs they turned the national trade to their allies and friends, which dried up Sudeten markets in Austria, Hungary, gradually supplanted German capital with Czech...
...Barcelona (1936), Paris (1937). In each cooperating nation a committee appoints a jury of well-known native musicians to judge works submitted by their countrymen. Selections of these national juries are then submitted to a special international jury elected each year by the society's Council of Delegates. This year's jury: Modernist Composers Darius Milhaud (France) and Alois Haba (Czechoslovakia), Conductors Sir Adrian Cedric Boult (England), Ernest Ansermet (Switzerland), Thomas Jensen (Denmark...