Word: nationalizes
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Conservation can ease the crisis temporarily, but it is not a long-term solution. If the nation is to grow economically over the next two decades and moderate the fast approaching oil-fueled recession, it must secure supplementary supplies of reasonably priced, politically unfettered energy. Given the OPEC stranglehold, that means developing as rapidly as possible alternative sources of power. The U.S. has changed energy sources before, first from wood to coal and later to oil, and each conversion has led to a new burst of investment, innovation and prosperity. While some of today's energy alternatives may seem...
Shale. In a 16,000-sq.-mi. area where Colorado, Utah and Wyoming meet, vast deposits of shale hold an estimated 1.8 trillion bbl. of oil, roughly 60 times the nation's proven reserves of liquid petroleum. Shale is a hard rock, light gray to charcoal in color, that contains a solid organic material called kerogen. When heated to temperatures as high as 900° F, it breaks down into oil and gas. The richest shale deposits yield up to 2 bbl. of oil per ton. Not all shale is recoverable, but it could contribute...
...output of energy is enormous, and environmentalists regard it as the most pleasing energy alternative. But solar technology is in its infancy, and existing methods of drawing heat and electricity from the sun are inefficient and expensive. Today solar contributes less than 1% of the nation's needs...
...Mexico, the DOE is testing components for future solar-power tower systems. Large arrays of computer-directed mirrors, or heliostats, reflect and concentrate the sunlight on a tower containing a steam boiler linked to an electricity-producing turbine. This October, Southern California Edison Co. will start building the nation's first such device linked to a power grid. Located in Daggett, Calif., it will have as many as 1,800 mirrors and during the day should generate 10 megawatts of power, enough for the needs of several thousand homes. Cost: $116 million...
...Arkansas will soon recycle 100 tons of chicken manure daily to produce 1.2 million cu. ft. of methane equal to 12,000 gal. of gasoline; it is then used to power automobiles that have engines converted to accept methane. The DOE calculates that biomass now supplies 1% of the nation's energy. In some areas, the percentage is higher and rising fast...