Word: nato
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Arguing that the pipelines are of vital strategic use to Russia, NATO's trade advisory committee last week tried to put an end to the pipe trade. Weeks ago, Italy, which had sent Russia 180,000 tons of pipe, went along with NATO's new ban, canceled a 60,000-ton shipment. Japan canceled negotiations for 20,000 tons...
...Russia's No. 1 oil-pipe supplier (633,000 tons from 1959 through last October). Just three and a half months ago, three giant Ruhr firms-Mannesmann, Phoenix-Rheinrohr AG, and Hoesch-signed a contract for another 200,000 tons. Ruhr steelmen denounced Chancellor Konrad Adenauer as a NATO stooge for trying to enforce the new rules. Taken aback, Adenauer's Cabinet last week agreed to reconsider, turned the problem over to a special subcommittee for special study...
These feelings are understandable, especially in the light of U.S. secrecy and vacillations in policy of which the Skybolt affair is the most recent noticeable example. Yet the attempt of other NATO powers such as France to create separate nuclear forces may damage rather than promote the military effectiveness of the alliance...
...called independent European deterrent could hardly increase the alliance's total strength, and would make NATO relatively useless against Russia. The nuclear capability of Great Britain is at present two per cent of that of the U.S., and de Gaulle's "force de frappe" will amount to only another two per cent when completed. Germany might add an additional two per cent...
These weapons, moreover, divert vital resources from the buildup of conventional forces to repel any non-nuclear attack on Europe. As Dean Acheson has pointed out, England, France and Germany could gain far greater control over day-by-day alliance strategy simply by contributing a larger share of NATO's conventional forces...