Word: naval
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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They are in the Center for War Gaming of the U.S. Naval War College at Newport, R.I., and they are about to fight one of the institution's most frequently simulated battles: a clash with the Soviets along the oil routes of the Indian Ocean. The "scenario" behind it says that U.S.-Soviet relations have become tense because of Soviet military buildups in Aden and Iraq. The U.S. believes the Soviets aim at cutting off oil supplies, and it "surges" an eastern task force into the Indian Ocean. This includes an aircraft-carrier strike group, a convoy escort group, attack...
Today, as Admiral Thomas Hayward prepares to assume command as the new Chief of Naval...
...fashioned gunboat diplomacy, especially in situations in which there is no direct U.S.-Soviet confrontation. An American warship making a port call or steaming off the coast of a Third World country might indeed bolster a regime friendly to Washington. In a period of mounting local tensions, sending naval units to strategically important regions, such as the Persian Gulf and eastern Mediterranean, could dissuade the Soviets from intervening...
...bolstered a friendly government in Beirut. More recently, the rescue of the U.S. freighter Mayaguez in 1975 after its capture by Cambodian Communists demonstrated America's continuing interest in Southeast Asia. "Ships are easier to move about than are Army or land-based aircraft units," the Brookings report said. "Naval forces can remain near by but out of sight. Thus naval forces can be used more subtly to support foreign policy incentives?to underscore threats, or warnings, or promises or commitments?than can land-based units, and they can do so without necessarily tying the President's hands...
...stake are the nation's security and its traditional control of the seas, claim Navy officials, both civilian and uniformed. They have been leaking secret memos and giving background briefings warning that the huge Soviet naval buildup of recent years requires a matching growth in U.S. seapower. These tactics have enraged the Navy's adversaries, primarily civilian aides in the office of Secretary of Defense Harold Brown. Some of them now refer to the Navymen as "bastards" and describe them variously as "stupid," "narrow" and "anachronistic." This name calling has not deterred the Navy from sounding general quarters and manning...