Word: nebula
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Cloud, a neighbor galaxy to the Milky Way, the bigger Cepheids were mostly concentrated toward the centre of the galaxy. This may mean that they were brought there by the operation of galactic gravity over a long time, or that when the stars originally were formed from the parent nebula, conditions favored the formation of big stars in the region of greatest density. In either case the Cepheid variables seem destined to shed further light on cosmic history...
Professor Shapley's talk followed and expanded an exposition by Dr. Bart J. Bok, assistant professor of Astronomy, of the attempt to disclose the Internal structure of the universe by work on the Milky Way. Bok is attempting to prove that the Milky Way is a rotating spiral nebula and has based his work on the ninety years research on external galaxies which the Observatory has conducted...
...Wilson and California Institute of Technology were putting their money last week on a device called an "image-slicer," invented by Caltech's quiet, brilliant Ira Sprague Bowen. No bigger than a child's fist, this gadget splits up the blobby image of a star or nebula into a number of thin strips by means of a combination of mirrors which feed each one of the strips through the one-thousandth-inch spectroscope slit. After passing through, these slices of light are recombined into a single band, suitable for analysis, by a cylindrical lens. The Bowen image-slicer...
Supernovae are millions of times brighter than the sun-usually shedding more light than the millions of other stars in their nebula. About 15 have been recorded. Three years ago Dr. Zwicky, distinguished young Bulgarian-born astrophysicist who believes exploding stars may be a source of cosmic rays, brought the matter of supernovae to the attention of the National Academy of Sciences. He said then that supernovae probably cease to exist as ordinary stars; that protons and electrons coalesce on the surface into neutrons which, having no electric charges to repel one another, "rain" down toward the centre, pack sluggishly...
...same reasoning, Drs. Walter Baade and Rudolf Minkowski of Mt. Wilson Observatory have come to quite a different conclusion as to the size of the particles in the vast dust cloud of the Orion Nebula. In this case the particles scatter the blue and yellow-green components of the light of stars in the cloud, letting only long infra-red rays filter through. Hence the stars appear much redder than normal. The wave lengths Baade & Minkowski recorded convinced them that the dust grains in the nebula were about .000004 inch in diameter...