Word: negro
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...McGruder says he's exploring "those murky depths where you're trying to figure out what's racism, what's ignorance, what's naivete." When an old white lady pats Riley on the head and calls him "cutie pie," the boy responds angrily that he's "nobody's pet Negro." Neither is McGruder...
...American art was to be found in the vernacular--the myths and folktales, the language games such as the dozens and signifying, and the sorrow songs and blues out of which each fashioned a sophisticated jazz idiom. And most audaciously of all, each believed the fundamental structuring principle of Negro art--improvisation--was also the essence of American democracy. The ultimate Americans, then, were Negro Americans. And America's self-generated curse was its perversely willed evasion of its full identity, an identity as black as it was white...
...tried both music and painting as careers) did not introduce modernism to his chosen art form as Ellington did. Rather, he introduced black music to literary modernism, creating in his first novel, Invisible Man, a symphony of magisterial jazz riffs centered on Carl Jung's claims that "the Negro...lives within [the American's] skin, subconsciously," and on the firm belief, shared with Bearden and Ellington, that it is the self--the black self, however buffeted by racism--that is the ultimate repository of one's fate. Destiny and liberation were inextricably tied to the solitary will...
BORN Jan. 31, 1919, in Cairo, Ga. 1939 Enrolls at UCLA; stars in football and track 1942 Enlists in the U.S. Army 1945 Signs with Kansas City Monarchs of Negro League; later, signs with Brooklyn Dodgers farm team in Montreal 1947 Begins playing for the Dodgers 1949 Wins National League's Most Valuable Player award 1956 Plays final season 1962 Inducted into Hall of Fame DIED Oct. 24, 1972, in Stamford, Conn...
...garland of honor for the U.S. and a mortification to Hitler. Within months, though, even with medals on his bureau and his degree from Ohio State in one of its drawers, he was able to support himself only by racing against horses as a sort of sideshow at Negro League baseball games. To TIME, he was variously the "coffee-colored" Owens, "the world's fastest blackamoor" or "the dusky speedster." But to Jackie Robinson and millions of other black Americans, he was inspiration and paladin, a sign of things to come...