Word: nehru
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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India & the World. It was the ninth time since 1921 that Pandit (Great Scholar) Nehru had gone to jail. Only twice has he been out for more than a year at a time. Yet for ten years he was secretary general of the Congress party, three times its president and, next to the half-naked Mahatma (Great Soul) Gandhi, the most powerful figure in India's political life. As a sensitive liberal and a world statesman, Nehru has outgrown the shadow of his overage Messiah. But Gandhi, self-willed, self-made symbol of the Hindu peasant, has clamped Nehru...
...angry the Raj can get, how tough it can be, is an old and bitter story to Nehru. Last week, having jailed Gandhi, Nehru and other Congress leaders (including Nehru's sister, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit), the British claimed an early victory. At least 83 known killed, hundreds of others with broken skulls-this was the price Gandhi's followers paid for protest rioting in disobedience of Gandhi's policy of passive resistance. But though the first flames of riot were quenched, the fire went on underground...
...Nehru & the World. In his last interview before returning to his "other home," Nehru told TIME Correspondent Theodore White what he might have explained in a U.S. broadcast. Above him in the reception room of the Allahabad mansion were pictures of his father, Motilal Nehru, a signed photograph of Generalissimo and Madame Chiang Kaishek, a photograph of Sun Yat-sen and Madame Sun. Gone was Nehru's laughter and the jokes he had made with the Chiangs last spring when they conferred on world problems in a villa at New Delhi. Great masses of flowers had been in bloom...
Basically, said Nehru, the Indian crisis is the result of Europe's and America's concept of Asia. "What has astounded me," said Idealist Nehru, "is the total inability of the English-speaking peoples to think of the new world-situation in terms of realism-realism being more than military realism. It is political, psychological, economic realism. . . . Their concept of us is that of a mass people fallen low, a backward people who must be lifted out from the depths by good works...
Even if Indians are fast joining the Indian Army as mercenaries at 16 rupees (about $5) a month, even if India's industrial effort has quadrupled since 1939, Nehru believes that India cannot be defended unless India's peoples are armed with guns and inspired by the definite knowledge that they fight for their own freedom...