Word: nehru
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Narayan, 72, at the head of her list of political opponents to be arrested two weeks ago, she must have been struck by the irony of the situation. "J.P.," as he is known to almost everyone in India, was the grand old man of Indian politics, a confidant of Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi, and someone she had known since she was a child. In 1942, when she was imprisoned without trial for her efforts in the "Quit India" campaign to drive out the British, Narayan became a national hero-and one of the British Raj's most wanted criminals...
...minor Bihar state official, Narayan at the age of 19 used a $600 wedding gift to set off alone to the U.S., where he studied at Berkeley and the University of Wisconsin and became a convert to Communism. Returning to India, he became deeply involved with Gandhi and Nehru in the independence movement. Still, he was not an advocate of Gandhi's principles of nonviolence and organized a guerrilla force to disrupt rails and communications and foment strikes and riots...
Preemptive Strike. Mrs. Gandhi still commands a popular following unequaled by any Indian leader since her father, the late Jawaharlal Nehru. But there is no doubt that she is confronted with an increasingly restive populace that is angered by pervasive bureaucratic and governmental corruption and failing economic conditions. Since the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war, when Mrs. Gandhi's esteem was at its highest, India has been plagued by widespread drought and famine, coupled with the enormous blow its economy has suffered since oil prices were hiked in 1974. As a result, the price of food and other essential commodities...
...Minister Indira Gandhi temporarily suspended civil liberties to forestall an opposition campaign of civil disobedience. Although unrelated to Mohandas K. Gandhi, the secular saint of India who preached passive resistance as political strategy, Mrs. Gandhi is the only daughter of the Mahatma's colleague and political heir, Jawaharlal Nehru. She was only four years old when, in 1921, her father went to prison for the first time to protest British rule over the subcontinent, and she spent an intense, unhappy childhood prematurely immersed in the politics of rebellion. "I have no recollection of games, children's parties...
Demonstrating that she was "not merely [Nehru's] daughter but a person in her own right," Mrs. Gandhi introduced her own sweeping ten-point program for transforming India into a socialist democracy. After she nationalized 14 private banks, angry Congress Party elders expelled her. Mrs. Gandhi promptly formed her own New Congress Party and in September, 1970 she reduced, then eliminated the privileges and privy purses of maharajas-a relic of British Empire days that was then costing the government about $6 million a year...