Word: neural
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...recommended body mass index (BMI) of between 18.5 and 26, women who were obese - defined as having a BMI of 29 or greater - before pregnancy were more than twice as likely to have an infant with spina bifida, nearly twice as likely to have a baby with other neural-tube defects, and more vulnerable to giving birth to babies with heart problems, cleft palate or cleft lip, abnormal rectum or anus development, and hydrocephaly, a condition in which excess spinal fluid builds up in the brain. While the risk of birth defects in obese women has been known, "I wouldn...
Earlier studies, including surveys by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, had documented the greater risk of neural-tube defects and kidney problems in children of obese moms. But the new study serves as a warning to both doctors and patients that a mother-to-be's extra pounds should be considered a more powerful and far-reaching risk factor during pregnancy. While there are no conclusive explanations yet, researchers have three theories about why maternal obesity may lead to congenital abnormalities. First, many obese women may also have undiagnosed diabetes, which can lead to abnormal development...
Indeed, because of the way the brain is wired, each time an addict lets an urge pass without engaging in the unwanted behavior, it weakens the neural connections that underlie the desire; each time he or she rewards the craving with the bad habit, the brain pathways, and the addiction, are strengthened. It helps for people to remind themselves that if they can resist an addictive urge once, it will become easier and easier to do it again in the future...
...team—led by scientists at the Harvard-affiliated Mass. General Hospital—identified four new genes linked to the degenerative neural disease. Only one other gene had been previously associated with the illness...
...Estate for another new lab space, Seidel said. Pfizer’s new lab will be an addition to the company’s Research Technology Center, founded locally in 1999. Its research will focus on endocrine and cardiac research. It’s counterpart in England will study neural and sensory disorders. Of the cross-Atlantic centers, spokeswoman Kristen E. Neese said, “It is an opportunity to leverage our assets both...