Word: neurochemist
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Other experiments based on the RNA-protein theory may demonstrate actual chemical memory transfer. Among the most publicized are those of University of Michigan Psychologist James McConnell and Neurochemist Georges Ungar of the Baylor College of Medicine. McConnell works with planaria, or flatworms, conditioning them by electrical shock to contract when a light is flashed. He then grinds them up and feeds them to untrained worms. Once they have cannibalized their brothers, the worms learn to contract twice as fast as their predecessors. What may happen, McConnell theorizes, is that the first batch of worms form new RNA, which synthesizes...
Shunning the Dark. The announcement was made by Hungarian-born Neurochemist Georges Ungar, 64, who has spent years experimenting with memory transfer. In his most notable experiment (TIME, April 19, 1968), he jolted rats and mice with an electrical shock whenever they strayed into a blacked-out box, eventually conditioning them to fear the dark. Then, after decapitating his fear-trained animals, he injected a broth made out of their brain tissue into the abdominal cavities of normal mice, which ordinarily prefer the dark. More often than not, he found, the injected rodents-contrary to their nature-also began...