Word: neuronal
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Hawking was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig's disease, a degenerative motor neuron disease, at the age of 21 and has spent the last 14 years confined to a wheelchair. He currently has motion only in two fingers of his left hand...
Buck, who has been studying the sense of smell for 10 years, has discovered that each scenting cell, or neuron, has only one type of receptor. Each receptor type is found on about 5,000 neurons in a human nose, she said...
...This subject has clearly provided fodder for many of the works in the show, which range from earnest and literal to playful and abstract. Small paper mach'e sculptures by Jennifer E. Mergel '98 sprout lively appendages from their baseball or bagel-shaped body blobs. In one, two straining neuron-like beings wrestle or dance with the energetic whipping of their interconnected arms. Nearby, another languishes on its side, exhaling through some great orifice or wound--an opening of transparent paper skin at once feathery and crisp...
...researchers do understand. At the most basic level, they have been aware for more than two decades that without serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and the hundreds of other known neurotransmitters, the brain could not process information or send out instructions to run the rest of the body. That is because neurons, or nerve cells, do not actually touch one another; they are separated by gaps known as synapses. When the electrical impulses that carry information through the nervous system reach the end of a neuron, they have nowhere to go. The circuit is broken...
Sources: New England Journal of Medicine; Food and Drug Administration; Cell; Neuron...