Word: neurone
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...site involving five brown bunnies that need to be placed in their correct bunny-shaped holes. To my amazement, Lily shooed my hands away from the track pad and started slowly nudging bunnies toward burrows. When the fifth bunny hit home--and an unseen Tinky Winky shouted, "Yaaaaaay!"--every neuron in my daughter's brain seemed to fire at once. Her skull practically glowed. She climbed off the chair and did a dance. Then she climbed back up onto the chair and said, "Daddy...
...chromosome that causes a condition known as Fragile X Syndrome. Because the defect has been studied on a molecular level, it provides a unique window into understanding autism - and treating it. And that is why a paper published in this week's issue of the journal Neuron is bound to generate excitement, even though the work was done in rodents. It shows that wide-ranging symptoms of Fragile X, which include epilepsy, impaired mental functioning, aberrant brain structure and other abnormalities, can be reversed. The work, researchers say, holds enormous promise for humans with Fragile X and probably for other...
...learning and memory. Without enough FMRP, protein production spins out of control, like a runaway train. The brain develops an abnormally dense number of connections, resulting in a variety of physical, mental and behavioral problems. "Fragile X is a disorder of excess," explains Mark Bear, lead author of the Neuron paper. "There are too many synapses, accelerated body growth, excessive protein synthesis, and excessive excitability, which leads to epilepsy...
...Neuron degeneration in Parkinson’s disease is caused in part by oxidative stress, a state of cellular imbalance that can produce molecules damaging to the cellular environment. As a powerful antioxidant, urate could help to correct this, according to the study’s abstract...
...disease. “With this strategy, it would be possible to study virtually any human disease,” said Harvard researcher Thomas P. Maniatis, who was a member of the Harvard team. The scientists announced yesterday that they have discovered that a toxic molecule produced by non-neuron support cells causes the patterns of nerve cell death found in sufferers of Lou Gehrig’s disease, also known as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. A significant amount of previous research into nerve diseases such as Lou Gehrig’s has focused primarily on neurons as a source...