Word: neurospora
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Dates: during 1955-1955
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...Since Caltech is dedicated to science and engineering, it is only natural that its laboratories should outnumber classrooms about five to one. And out of these laboratories have come some major revolutions in knowledge. The terms that Caltech has made important -cosmic ray, Badger's rule, alpha helix, Neurospora, positron, meson and mumeson-may not be exactly household words, but they have become standard parts of science's vocabulary...
...biologists have been probing their own areas of the invisible. Geneticist Alfred H. Sturtevant described the linear order of genes; Calvin B. Bridges provided proof for the chromosome theory of heredity. In determining that genes control the synthesis of vitamins and amino acids, George Beadle discovered the bread mold, Neurospora, as an effective research tool. This has sped the progress of genetics a hundredfold, was partly responsible for the successful increased production of penicillin...