Word: neutrality
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...settlement as ruinous. At Panmunjom, the Communists were presumably all set to sign an armistice. But in Seoul, stubborn old Syngman Rhee postponed a cease-fire indefinitely by setting free 27,000 North Korean war prisoners that the U.N. had promised to turn over to a neutral commission (see below). By his act, Syngman Rhee all but solved the problem of forced repatriation so far as North Koreans were concerned. He certainly proved that they did not want to go back. But he also struck a heavy blow at U.N. hopes for an end to the war. The talks...
...Yugoslavia) which regulates the Dardanelles and the Bosporus, the straits linking the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. Under this agreement. Turkey may fortify the straits and regulate the passage of warships, but must allow all merchant ships to pass. In World War II, the Soviet Union charged that neutral Turkey had permitted German war vessels to pass through the straits...
...crux of the matter. If the conference fails to settle the question in 30 days, "any prisoners of war who have not exercised their right to be repatriated . . . shall be changed from the P.W. status to civilian status by declaration of the neutral nations repatriation commission." Thereafter, "those who choose to go to neutral nations shall be assisted by the neutral nations repatriation commission and the Red Cross Society of India...
...Reds had also agreed to the principle that "no force or threat of force shall be used against the prisoners of war to prevent or effect their repatriation." If the neutral nations do their job well (and it is up to them to do it: the U.N. Command will no longer have any power or responsibility in the matter), reluctant prisoners will be able to sweat out four to six months of further imprisonment, resist the blandishments (or implied threats) of their Red compatriots, and then be free men. Though the Communists might deny forever that they had accepted...
...left himself room to maneuver, and maneuver he did. His subordinates did the most extreme talking. All week long, generals, cabinet ministers and assemblymen heaped abuse on the U.S. and the pending armistice agreement, talked of resisting the neutral truce commission, hinted that they would .have to guard Americans against public outbursts, threatened to fight on alone. They spoke with the eloquence of despair. Said Major General Choi Duk Shin, ROK delegate who has been boycotting the Panmunjom talks: "The foreigners, you, who came in here, are going to destroy us ... The people will say: perhaps we would have been...