Word: neveral
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...reason H5N1, which first cropped up in humans in 1997, has never given rise to a pandemic is that the virus does not appear to spread easily among people. It has been transmitted between humans only in rare cases, usually among family members in close conditions. But the fear has long been that if bird flu genetically mixed with human flu - in a process called reassortment, in which two flu viruses swap genes in an infected cell - it could create a new strain that is both deadly and transmissible, as illustrated by the new PNAS study. That's how many...
Nevertheless, in the real world, H5N1 has not yet mutated into a more contagious form, despite having had plenty of chances to mix with human flu viruses. That could mean bird flu will remain a dead end, infecting the occasional unlucky person but never turning into a full-blown pandemic. But the PNAS study suggests that the potential exists, and it gives health officials a surveillance target in the form of the PB2 protein in each human H5N1 infection. Global health experts must always be ready: while the 2009 H1N1 pandemic may be winding down, the next...
Haiti's Hardship TIME says, "We owe it to the survivors ... to help build a Haiti that will never again be so vulnerable" [Feb. 1]. Does this mean other nations can persuade the handful of families and businesses that control the wealth of Haiti to begin paying appropriate taxes? Does this mean Haitian leaders will direct foreign aid to health care facilities, water and sewage systems, education, job training and proper building construction? Or after this acute crisis has passed, will Haiti return to baseline poverty? The ethics of those who run this little country must change or be coerced...
Later, Taraki will boast that his coup took both superpowers by surprise. The Americans certainly were: it's rumored, though never confirmed, that the coaches of our Little League game that afternoon were CIA agents who missed the biggest news from their patch for years. All summer, my father cycles to his office at the Ministry of Justice in the sumptuous Darul Aman Palace. He's there to help the ministry frame a written legal code from tribal law, but as the summer wears on, the work dries up. The ex-minister remains in jail. Soviet advisers hustle through...
...modern Islamic history, all hanging on the childish belief that foreign-born solutions will work for the region. The West has spent decades hoping for and plotting a neat trajectory of Middle Eastern modernization. But whether vested in peace treaties or the Shah's imported pomp, those plans have never quite worked out. Not a SOFA agreement, not the Shah's speechifying about modernization, not a party in desert tents stocked with marble baths and champagne could sustain Jimmy Carter's mirage of an Iran that was "an island of security in a troubled region." Those brave, early hopes...