Word: niaaa
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...overshadowed in recent years by the national preoccupation with the new threat of AIDS and the widespread use of drugs such as heroin, cocaine, marijuana and crack. "Take the deaths from every other abused drug," says Loran Archer, deputy director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) in Washington. "Add them together, and they still don't equal the deaths or the cost to society of alcohol alone...
...popular association of an estimated 1 million recovering alcoholics, remains the single biggest source of support for chronic drinkers. But its record is hard to assess because of members' anonymity. Even so, only 15% to 20% of alcoholics get any treatment at all. Says Enoch Gordis, director of the NIAAA: "Something very important is still missing here...
...Cloninger found that his male-limited alcoholics tended to be aggressive, even violent types. He hypothesizes that the nervous system underlying such behavior may react to alcohol in a way that quickly leads to dependence. "It's not proved," says Cloninger. "It's testable." Says Boris Tabakoff of the NIAAA: "For those of us looking for biological markers, Dr. Cloninger's work gives us a road map we can follow to link genetic traits to behavior...
...director of the National Council on Alcoholism. "Those who are steadily employed, married and in the upper middle class are more likely to succeed. They have more to lose." In response to allegations that some centers have exaggerated how well their patients do after treatment, Congress has ordered the NIAAA to investigate treatment programs...
...those who are susceptible, U.S. society offers powerful temptations. Ob serves NIAAA'S Morris Chafetz: "There are houses where they don't even say anything to you when you come in the door before they ask, 'What will you have to drink?' " He also notes that "in our crazy-quilt value system, masculinity means that if you can hold a lot of alcohol and seemingly not show its effects, that's somehow a sign of strength." Chafetz points out that in some other countries-Italy and Israel, for example -drinking is an accepted social custom...