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Placing a cap on drug costs could save U.S. health care billions. But it's not without controversy. England and Wales have set up a body called the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) which reviews treatments to decide which are the most cost-effective and which the National Health Service (NHS) should pay for. A new drug has to offer value for money - and if it doesn't, whether it is life-saving or not, NICE won't approve...
...NICE uses a metric called "quality-adjusted life year," or Qaly, which grades a person's health-related quality of life from 0 to 1. Say a new drug for a previously untreatable condition comes on the market and the drug is proven to improve a patient's quality of life from .5 to .7 on the scale. A patient on the drug can expect to live an average of 15 years following the treatment. Taking the new drug thus earns patients the equivalent of three quality-adjusted life years (15 years multiplied by the .2 gain in quality...
Taking its lead from Britain's Department of Transport - which has a cost- per-life-saved threshold for new road schemes of about $2.2 million per life, or around $45,000 per life year gained - NICE rarely approves a drug that costs more than $45,000 per Qaly (the fictitious drug would easily pass...
...squad its first Ivy League championship since 1999 and its first NCAA tournament appearance since 2004.The third Harvard coach in as many years when he took the job before the 2007 season, Leone has brought stability and a standard of excellence to the program. “It was nice to have consistency,” co-captain Nicole Rhodes said. “Coming into this year we knew what he expected of us…I think that was something no one on the team had had before.”Since Leone’s arrival...
...went undefeated in the Ancient Eight and led her team to a share of the Ivy League title. She was unanimously named the Ivy League Player of the Year. “[This year] was amazing,” Ko said. “It’s nice to win Ivies freshman year and senior year. I think it’s a great way to finish my career in college tennis.”Ko, who describes herself as an aggressive baseliner, has improved her play over the past four years, establishing herself as one of the nation?...