Word: nigeria
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...Dora Akunyili and her family were driving down a rural road in Nigeria three years ago when snipers opened fire on her car. "The back windscreen was shattered," she says. "A bullet pierced through my head scarf and grazed my scalp." Akunyili had been targeted by a drug gang--but not the kind that sells heroin or cocaine. These drug dealers traffic in counterfeit medicine--ineffective at best, deadly at worst--and as director general of the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Akunyili's job aims to put them out of business...
...medicine is a huge problem in Nigeria. Before Akunyili took over her post in 2001, a staggering 80% of the medications sold there were deficient in one way or another. Some contained less of the active ingredient than was specified on the label. Others were past their expiration date. Some were filled with inert lactose or powdered chalk. Still others were poison. In 1990 more than 100 Nigerian children died from a painkiller that had been made with toxic ethylene glycol instead of propylene glycol. In 2003 phony adrenaline led to the deaths of three children undergoing surgery...
...staffed by NAFDAC officials. The agency also made a list of 19 Indian and Chinese companies that had been indicted for manufacturing fake drugs and banned their products. It placed analysts in India and China to recertify any drugs manufactured in those countries before they could be shipped to Nigeria...
NAFDAC went on the offensive back home as well, conducting nearly 800 raids on drug-distribution outlets and 90 "destruction exercises" on counterfeit or substandard medicines. "We are winning," says Akunyili. "Made-in-Nigeria drugs are now acceptable in other West African countries. Multinational [drug manufacturers] that left out of frustration are coming back...
...ingenuity, nerve, patience and faith. There is the doctor building clinics in Rwanda, the motorcycle riders carrying medicines across roadless stretches of Uganda, the survivor of the refugee camps fighting TB in Cambodia, the rape victim who speaks out about AIDS to young people in conservative Muslim villages in Nigeria. There are the grandmothers in Nepal with their little bags of vitamin A, fighting infant mortality; the nutritionist in Honduras teaching mothers hygiene and food handling; the backpack medics who slip from Thailand into Myanmar to deliver care village by village, risking arrest if they are found...