Word: nigerias
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Uneven Leadership. Since then, civil wars have ravaged two of Black Africa's biggest, most populous and potentially richest nations, the Congo and Nigeria. No fewer than 28 countries have experienced either a coup or a serious disturbance. Ten have been forced to call in foreign troops for help. Last month Guinea was invaded by a 350-man band that may have included Portuguese troops as well as Guinean dissidents...
...Hamani Diori and Zambia's Kenneth Kaunda. Kenya's Jomo Kenyatta, like Ethiopia's Emperor Haile Selassie, is an elder statesman who has imposed a degree of stability on his heterogeneous country. Of the soldiers who now rule nine African nations, at least two-Nigeria's Yakubu Gowon and the Congo's Joseph Mobutu-have restored order to their countries after years of chaos...
...casualties among Africa's first generation of leaders have been heavy; Nigeria's Sir Abubakar Balewa, Togo's Sylvanus Olympio, the Congo's Patrice Lumumba were all killed. Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah was overthrown in 1966; Kenya's brilliant young Tom Mboya was assassinated...
...Congo's) dropped in value from $1,600 a ton last March to $1,140 in August. Sisal (once Tanzania's leading export) has dropped from $18.16 per 100 Ibs. in 1963 to $6.64 last August. Statistics about Africa are woefully inadequate; economists differ over whether Nigeria's per-capita income is $120 or $80. But the figures underscore the fact that Africa is desperately poor. "Our society," says Diori, "has not yet found the means to guarantee our citizens the minimum needs of life...
...coming decades, Black Africa may have to rely heavily on itself for economic development. Private investment has always been inadequate, except in exploiting proven natural resources-Nigeria's oil, Zambia's copper, the Congo's minerals. Foreign aid will be harder to get and more expensive to accept than ever. In the face of what they regard as apathy from the West, some African governments have turned to the Communist powers for help. Tanzania and Zambia have begun construction of a 1,161-mile, $450 million railway that is being paid for with an interest-free loan...