Word: nineteenth
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Handwriting has never been a static art. The Puritans simplified what they considered hedonistically elaborate letters. Nineteenth century America fell in love with loopy, rhythmic Spencerian script (think Coca-Cola: the soft-drink behemoth's logo is nothing more than a company bookkeeper's handiwork), but the early 20th century favored the stripped-down, practical style touted in 1894's Palmer Guide to Business Writing...
...answer this, we need some history. Today’s departments didn’t always exist in their current form. Most of them coalesced late in the nineteenth century, as many U.S. universities shed their religious underpinnings and picked up the German style of higher education. Departments, in turn, were linked to the emergence of modern disciplines. It’s easy to track the founding of disciplines. Just check the date of the major academic journals: the Political Science Quarterly (founded 1886), American Anthropologist (1888), The American Historical Review (1895), and so on. Departments were invented to house...
...Chandlers have prospered since this city became a hub for maritime trade in the early nineteenth century. Before the arrival of the steamship, when three-masted clippers sailed between India and China with cargoes of tea, silver and opium, Singapore was a midway point and a place to drop anchor during the stormy monsoons. Under British colonial rule Singapore developed into a free port where import and export duties were scrapped and passing ships could cheaply purchase all their rigging, provisions, and bunker oil. As the industry grew, the figure of the ship chandler passed into Singapore's literary lore...
...undeniable. He says studying music “affected how I approached the musical projects that I got to do on campus, enjoying doing new music of Harvard student composers, working with them, thinking about what exactly are we doing when we play a piece from the mid-nineteenth century or Mozart. What’s going on? Why do we enjoy it so much? What’s there?” Aside from the academic study of music, Kapusta has had many rewarding extracurricular highlights. He refers to conducting the Harvard Ballet company...
...modern Latin American countries got locked in a cycle that left their economies underdeveloped: "By the middle of the nineteenth century, servicing of foreign debt absorbed almost 40 percent of Brazil's budget, and every country was caught in the same trap. Railroads formed another decisive part of the cage of dependency ... Most of the loans were for financing railroads to bring minerals and foodstuffs to export terminals. The tracks were laid not to connect internal areas one another, but to connect production centers with ports ... thus railroads, so often hailed as forerunners of progress, were an impediment...