Word: nineteenth
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...study of history has its equivalent of Dupin the relaxed thinker puffing on his meerschaum, scoffing at the scurrying police as they collect their clues. Worried because "the nineteenth-century pre-eminence of history in the sphere of intellect no longer obtains," intellectual and musical historian Jacques Barzun (University Professor at Columbia, author of Darwin, Marx. Wagner) has undertaken to incite resistance to modern modes of history. In Clio and the Doctors: Psycho History Quanto-History, and History (University of Chicago Press) he cites the depths of the problem he and some other older historians see: The historical sense...
...connection is this: the unprecedented extremism of recent student radicalism is seen by Lipset as an attack on the very academic freedom that provided the source for the liveliness of intellectual thought and political activity at Harvard. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, Harvard had fostered an "academic culture" that promoted scholarship for scholarship's sake, intellectual research relatively free of social constraint, and a solemn respect for creative academic thought. Because of its commitment to this ideal (and to a lesser extent, according to Lipset's analysis, because of its access to influence and financial resources), Harvard came...
...institutions have made aloofness from external control an illusion. The illusion is based on the ability of those institutions to throw their chips in with the non-academic rulers of society. The merger may be a long-lasting one, but it will not be a happy one for the nineteenth-century vision promulgated by Lipset. At one point, the fiddler will change his tune, and the university will find itself in the position of having to dance. That will happen, one way or another. But more important, the university by its own means has destroyed the myth of scholarship...
...hard not to laugh at some of Hope's songs. After all, a can-can and an Andrews Sisters number and an Astair/Rogers duet could not be more out of place in a nineteenth century saloon. But some of Hope's number breech the gap between hoedown and courtroom lingo to produce some genuinely humorous lines...
...combined individual cells and total silence with floggings, hard labor in fields and quarries, undeviating routine, and subsistence level food and shelter. As the first warden of Sing Sing had said, "Reformation of the criminal could not possibly be effected until the spirit of the criminal was broken." The nineteenth century penitentiary produced more mental breakdowns, suicides, and deaths than repentance. Dickens, writing of the prisons he had seen in America, said, "Very few men are capable of estimating the immense amount of torture and agony which this dreadful punishment inflicts upon the sufferer." Yet the American prison system...