Word: nineteenths
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LIFTED from the walls, packed and shipped, paintings from the exhibition of contemporary New York art have abandoned the Metropolitan Museum and scattered. The new show of Nineteenth Century American Art which arrived to replace the modern exhibition has transformed the domain beyond recognition. Representational paintings of mountain landscapes, stern portraits of government leaders, scenes of domestic life now sit where the abstract geometrical colors of the avant-garde did in the fall. The leap from nineteenth to twentieth century shows the revolution in sensibility that slashed through the old tradition, when artists gave up sketching images of the world...
...Many nineteenth century artists began their careers as sign painters or carpenters and never had much formal training in art. Often this lack of instruction freed them from a rigid approach. Some explored the country searching for ever more dramatic landscapes. Frederick Edwin Church traveled to South America and painted enormous canvasses of the dense jungle beside the Andes, Painting seemed an adventure of luck in finding the right seene. Artists must have carried their easels for miles before stopping before a view and setting up equipment among the leaves. On another large canvas Church painted the sunrise spreading redness...
Chairs, clocks, tables and china, arranged in Victorian abundance illustrate shifts in popular taste that marched through revivals of the Gothic, French Empire and Romantic styles. The nineteenth century public highly valued the furniture that warmed their houses. The mixture of decorative art with painting and sculpture in the Metropolitan exhibition illustrates the ties between the two during the last century. Whole rooms have been recreated by the museum with yellow silk chairs and gilt chandeliers to look the way they once did in American mansions. The style of the rooms is more ornate than the plain style...
Unlike today, artists in the nineteenth century had no problem selecting a subject for their work. All aspects of the country invited them to paint-to paint things that no one had painted before. They recorded events, people, plains and waterfalls in a sparse. direct style. Though these artists used traditional methods of perspective, often minimal training and a choice of unusual subjects makes the work look specifically American. Figures are stiff, sometimes doll-like in position even though details of appearance are neatly printed out. Artists seized concrete elements around him to fit into the crisp lines...
...past, eclipse observations have uncovered some important facts about the sun. For instance, after comparing the corona's shape and intensity from eclipse to eclipse, nineteenth century astronomers realized that ?? changed over an ?? The element helium ?? usual ionized states ?? also first detected from ?? corona's light. The disc??? ions, such as Iron??????? led to a remark ?? corona's tempera ??? reach at least ?? ?? heit in order to pro? ?? When parties are ?? sun they pro? ?? shock waves ?? these...