Word: nitrogenating
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...University of Alabama in Huntsville, physicists last month placed a chip of a green, brittle compound inside a thermos-like container, doused it with frigid liquid nitrogen and sent an electric current through it. As the temperature dropped, they took careful measurements of the compound's electrical resistance -- its opposition to the passage of current...
...most uses, however, the cost of liquid helium outweighs the benefits of superconducting technology. For that reason, scientists have long searched for a compound that would become a superconductor at less extreme temperatures -- particularly above 77 K (-320 degrees F), the point at which nitrogen gas liquefies. Reason: nitrogen is a common gas and costs no more than a tenth as much in liquid form as helium. In fact, says Iowa State University Physicist Douglas Finnemore, liquid nitrogen, priced as low as a nickel a liter, is a "heck of a lot cheaper than beer...
...stopped, treading water for three minutes, before rising again to a second marker, at the 10-ft. level. There they waited for eleven minutes, passing the time by penciling messages to each other on a roughened Plexiglas tablet. The scheduled pauses were decompression stops that allowed the excess dissolved nitrogen to leave their bodies gradually; in a faster ascent, the nitrogen would have come out of solution too rapidly, forming gas bubbles in the tissues or blood vessels, a painful and sometimes fatal consequence known as the "bends...
Toward the end, worn down by their geek chorus of friends, Lowe and Moore split up. Faced with this boy-loses-girl plot, Director Edward Zwick might have tried dramatizing the poignant detumescence of a love affair. It's part of the emotional nitrogen cycle: people do get over the people they have loved. But not people in Hollywood movies--at least not in movies made by directors so ruthlessly intent on imitating models they could never believe...
...solutions were devised. The gloppy layers of interior paint were frozen off with a sprayed treatment of supercold liquid nitrogen. Bolts holding the statue to the pedestal, each fastened with a nut as big as a layer cake, were tightened with a 30-ton hydraulic jack. Only one radical renovation was undertaken: Liberty's torch is entirely new. The old handle had corroded badly, and the flame had been replaced in 1916 by a leaky, kitschy amber-glass contraption. (It is now on display in the new granite entrance lobby, designed by the firm of Swanke Hayden Connell.) Appropriately, twelve...