Word: nitrous
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...cities, blue skies are less common than they once were, and smarting eyes a chronic complaint. Air pollution is no respecter of size; more than 10,000 U.S. communities are afflicted to some degree. Most U.S. smog is of the eye-irritating "Los Angeles type," composed primarily of nitrous oxides and petroleum products loosely known as hydrocarbons, much of it traceable directly to automobile exhausts. Every day in the Los Angeles basin, more than 12,500 tons of pollutants are discharged (80% by autos) into the air-and without the city's severe industrial controls, the daily dosage would...
...structure is extremely simple. All it has is a core of coiled-up RNA surrounded by a cylindrical jacket made of protein molecules. Tsugita and Fraenkel-Conrat first stripped off the jacket by use of a protein-dissolving chemical. Then they treated the naked RNA with nitrous acid, which is known to affect the RNA's code-carrying bases. After the nitrous acid had. acted, the RNA was enabled to clothe itself in a new coat of protein. This made it a functioning virus again, and when it was injected into a tobacco plant, it multiplied in the plant...
Changing the Code. The report from Tsugita and Fraenkel-Conrat went little farther than that. But Nobel Prizewinning Wendell M. Stanley, head of Berkeley's Virus Laboratory, believes that the original action of the nitrous acid was to change one kind of RNA base into another...
...boosts the effectiveness of nonflammable nitrous oxide so that it can replace high explosives such as ether...
...bring about this painless state, or analgesia, which involves the entire body,* Dr. Artusio puts patients through all the usual sequence of anesthetics (barbiturates, thiopental sodium, nitrous oxide, oxygen, ether) until they lose consciousness. Then he gives more oxygen and less ether, so that they edge back across the threshold into consciousness, and holds them at this level. Edna's case, filmed in color by E. R. Squibb & Sons for hospitals and professional groups, was typical of 120 mitral valve repairs on which Drs. Glenn and Artusio have worked-enough, they feel, to establish that ether analgesia is just...