Word: nixon
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...theory of government is more dear to the hearts of Washington conservatives than the "new federalism"--the notion born in the Nixon . Administration that the Federal Government should give back to the states and cities much of the power that it has acquired since the New Deal. The new federalists' position got a major boost in 1976 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that Congress had only a limited right to interfere with "traditional" functions of local governments. But one Justice, Harry Blackmun, was a reluctant member of the shaky 5-4 majority in that case. Later Blackmun sided against...
Porter, a Rhodes Scholar from Brigham Young University, was a White House Fellow from 1974 to 1975 and then went to work for Vice-President Ford. After the resignation of President Nixon, he followed Ford to the White House and helped develop economic policy. He came to Harvard in 1976 and received his doctorate before joining the faculty of the Kennedy School as an associate professor
Noonan credits a remarkable extension of bribery laws to a remark- able source: the Nixon Administration. Stretching precedents, Nixon-appointed prosecutors invoked the Hobbs Act of 1946, originally aimed at union racketeers, against the Democratic Kenny machine in Jersey City. When the convictions were upheld, federal prosecutors brought similar charges against local officials throughout the country, thus beginning what Noonan calls "an effective federalization of the law of bribery...
...been slow to punish what it forbade. Not until the 1920s was the first Cabinet-level official convicted of bribery (former Interior Secretary Albert Fall in the Teapot Dome scandal). By the time of Watergate, the anticorruption ethic was so extensive that a number of Nixon officials ended up in jail after hush money was offered to the burglars. Noonan even suggests that the campaign against corruption may now conflict with other standards. Of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, which made it a crime for companies to bribe officials abroad, Noonan remarks that "no such law had ever...
Affirmative action is rooted in an uncomfortable reality: that to remedy the effects of past discrimination against blacks and women it is sometimes necessary to discriminate against white men. The Government shied from stating the proposition so boldly, but beginning with the Nixon Administration it put the principle into practice. Throughout the '70s Washington pressed employers to set explicit goals and timetables for the hiring of minorities, even if that meant tacitly accepting "reverse discrimination...