Word: nkrumah
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Ghana's President Kwame Nkrumah presents two faces when he deals with foreign investors. With one face he encourages them to come in and help Ghana grow; with the other he winks at his trusted lieutenants, who talk darkly of nationalizing foreign enterprises. A favorite target has been the seven British-owned gold mines. From exports of $28 million in gold a year, the country gets a tenth of its income...
...Asian nations, Dag Hammarskjold had staved off the major calamity of a confrontation of the great powers in the Congo. But Hammarskjold had not reckoned with the meddling and intrigues of some of Africa's ambitious new leaders. Chief meddlers were Cairo's Nasser, Ghana's Nkrumah and Guinea's Sékou Touré, all of whom were working earnestly for Lumumba's return. In recent weeks, their troops have been openly taking sides in the Congo's internal squabble. The U.A.R.'s 510-man U.N. unit covertly assisted the pro-Lumumba...
...Ghana, President Kwame Nkrumah's favorite newspapers are the Ghanaian Times and the Evening News. They should be. They never fail to address him as Osagyefo (Redeemer), the title that most tickles Nkrumah's vanity. They print his speeches and praise his every deed with a loyalty-firmly cemented by $8,000,000 in government subsidies-that leaves very little room for anything else, particularly news. By rights, such a love match ought to endure as long as the government treasury. But last week, to the consternation of the Times and the News, the Osagyefo cut them...
Just Plain Doctor. The reason for Nkrumah's move was not displeasure but competition. Even in Ghana, readers prefer news to propaganda, and even in Nkrumah's Ghana, readers still have a choice. The Daily Graphic, which is owned by London's Daily Mirror group, almost never calls Nkrumah Osagyefo; he is usually "the President" or "Dr. Nkrumah"-a reference to his honorary LL.D. from Pennsylvania's Lincoln University. Open criticism of Nkrumah is not healthy in Ghana, but when the Graphic disapproves of the presidential policies, it simply runs no editorial column...
Keep in Tune. Last week, already pinched for money to support his vaunted aid programs to other African nations, Nkrumah bluntly ordered the Times and the News to pay their own way or perish. Worse yet, Accra rumor had it that Nkrumah intended to let both papers die and to replace them in a year or so with a less propagandistic daily printed in the $4,500,000 printing plant that the East Germans have promised to build for him near Accra. In undisguised anguish, the Times and News printed appeals to their declining readership. "Don't ever forget...