Word: nobelity
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Last week was Big Prize week for scientists. As usual, the greatest prestige, if not quite the biggest money, came with the Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry: $40,000 each...
...Parity Killers. Two young Chinese living in the U.S., Drs. Chen Ning Yang and Tsung Dao Lee, split the Nobel physics prize for destroying the principle of "Conservation of Parity," on which a good deal of modern physics had been based. The principle says that objects which are mirror images of each other must obey the same physical rules. As Drs. Yang and Lee dug deep into the mysteries of the matter, they felt that they could not do without parity, but they found several basic things that could not be explained if parity were observed with full reverence...
They broke this impasse by proving theoretically that, in key cases, parity need not be observed. Neither Yang nor Lee is an experimental man; so they merely suggested how their theory might be proved. When two experimental proofs came through early this year, parity was dead, and the Nobel Prize was practically in the bag (TIME...
...Chemistry of Life. The Nobel Prize in chemistry went to Sir Alexander Todd, 50, a lowland Scot born in Glasgow, son of a department-store manager. At Cambridge University, where he is a professor of chemistry, big (6 ft. 6 in.) Sir Alexander is fondly known is "Todd Almighty." He lives in a comfortable house with a big garden, lots of flowers, two cats, a radio but no TV, and he rides to the laboratory every morning on a bicycle...
...made of nucleic acids, and Sir Alexander worked out methods of studying their complex structure. By use of his methods, it may soon be possible to synthesize nucleic acids, perhaps even molecules that will grow and reproduce. For coming close to the secret of life, Sir Alexander won his Nobel Prize...