Word: nobels
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...ceremony by Nov. 19, the first anniversary of Sadat's journey to Jerusalem. At week's end an aide to Menachem Begin predicted that the big event would take place in early December. If so, it could be held just before or after Dec. 10, the day when the Nobel Peace Prizes are to be presented to the recipients in Oslo...
...said Alfred Bernhard Nobel, the multimillionaire inventor of dynamite, six years before his death at 63 in 1896 and eleven years before the inauguration of what has become the world's most honorific-and occasionally quixotic-award. Since 1901 a five-person Norwegian Nobel Committee has bestowed gold medals bearing the motto Pro Pace et Fraternitate Gentium (For Peace and Brotherhood of Nations) and cash awards ranging from $30,000 to $173,700 to 59 men, five women and eleven organizations. Nineteen times the committee made no awards at all - of ten because of wars more terrible than even...
...process of choosing Anwar Sadat and Menachem Begin, the Nobel Committee scrutinized 50 nominees, including Polish Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, Finnish President Urho Kekkonen, and the beleaguered committee of Soviet dissidents who have monitored the 1975 Helsinki human rights accords. The selection committee, chosen - at Nobel's behest - by the Norwegian parliament, cloaks its deliberations in se crecy but draws on a wide range of sources for nominees. Among those consulted: representatives of the Norwegian Nobel Institute, officials of various governments, scholars and previous Peace Prize laureates. Sadat, says Nobel Institute Director Jacob Sverdrup, received "between ten and 20" nominations...
Sadat is the first Egyptian and Begin the first Israeli to win the Peace Prize, joining a roster of 19 other nationalities. More Americans have won the Nobel than any other group: 16 in all, including Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, Ralph Bunche, General George C. Marshall (the only career military man ever to win) and Martin Luther King...
Historically, the choice has tended to fluctuate between the idealistic and the more or less pragmatic - saints or statesmen. It has also reflected the wish of Nobel, who specified that the recipient be "the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity among nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses." The first winners were Switzerland's Jean Henri Dunant, founder of the International Red Cross and originator of the Gene va Convention, and France's Frederic Passy, a noted pacifist who convened...