Word: north
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...would certainly have been imprudent to deploy a force vulnerable to North Korean airpower. But there were risks in any case. Would Premier Kim II Sung look upon the force as a constraint or a challenge? If the North Korean dictator chose the latter view, further conflict could easily develop. In fact, the North Koreans reacted sharply to the force's presence. Kim announced an increase of 11% in his military budget as a result of the new U.S. "threat," thereby raising North Korea's annual defense spending to $561 million...
Sprawling beneath the new two-story observation tower atop North Mountain, the South Korean capital of Seoul throbs in the midst of a boom that can be seen as well as heard. Skeletons of new office buildings and hotels crosshatch the horizons, schools are going up, black factory smoke fouls the air and a new four-lane expressway slashes through the heart of the city. Restaurants and bars are jammed with cheerful, garlic-reeking patrons. Mini-skirts and bell-bottoms are part of the scene at O.B.'s Cabin, where Seoul's students listen to guitar-plucking folk...
...view from North Mountain is optimistic-until the visitor spots the signs warning: "Photography Prohibited." The reason? The mountain's northern slopes, facing the Demilitarized Zone 25 miles away, are pockmarked with carefully camouflaged bunkers and lookout posts. Should the North Koreans break through at the border once more as they did in 1950, North Mountain would be part of Seoul's last line of defense...
Missiles in the Hills. North to the DMZ, the roads are dotted by a series of heavily guarded military checkpoints. In the surrounding hills, thousands of troops are emplaced to block the traditional north-south invasion route. Along the 151-mile-long DMZ itself, more than 300,000 U.S., South Korean and allied troops stand guard, backed by a layer of Hawk and Nike Hercules antiaircraft missiles...
Guerrilla Threat. South Koreans are just as aware of that unhappy fact. North Korea's armed forces of 345,000 men are well trained and well armed. Constant attempts to infiltrate are made through the DMZ and along the coastline, both to terrorize the populace and to try to set off a guerrilla war in the south. In reply, South Korea maintains an armed force of 600,000, the world's fifth largest. Despite Seoul's complaints that its U.S.-supplied weapons are becoming increasingly outmoded, there is no doubt about the army's fighting spirit...