Word: note
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Running for re-election in 2004, George W. Bush was stumped when asked to name some of his mistakes. Now, with four years to think about it, he's identified a few. Note to future Presidents: Don't stand under a banner declaring MISSION ACCOMPLISHED unless you're darn sure it has been. "It sent the wrong message," Bush explained at his final press conference. The event was equal parts wistful, wry, confessional and defiant. Set it to music and you'd have Sinatra...
Whether these changes can be sustained over time is another question. Gawande and his colleagues note in the study that a phenomenon called the "Hawthorne effect" may be largely responsible for the checklist's success. The effect was named for a series of experiments designed to determine how to increase productivity at a factory in Chicago. All of the tactics implemented by the study leaders improved worker output during the experiments - but researchers realized that the effect they were really measuring was a boost in motivation among workers who knew others were watching...
...legal system and thus succeeded not because of the regime's economic conduct but in spite of it. For reinforcement of the mainland's shortcomings, Huang points to Shanghai, where the mushrooming Pudong skyline masked a poor record on innovation and a lack of private-sector companies of note (its greatest success story, e-commerce star Alibaba, fled to Hangzhou in the neighboring and more entrepreneurial Zhejiang province...
...study's impressive, albeit short-term results, some critics in higher education are concerned that cash incentives will encourage students to start taking easier courses to ensure they'll do well enough to pocket the money. "Everyone knows what the gut classes are when you're in college," notes Kirabo Jackson, an assistant professor of labor economics at Cornell who has studied cash incentives for high school students. "By rewarding people for a GPA, you're actually giving them an impetus to take an easier route through college." Other critics note that students' internal drive to learn may be sapped...
...those involved with the study note that particularly in this economy, cash incentives could help part-time students devote more hours to their studies. Faced with soaring bills for tuition, books and housing, many college students need a job just to get by. In the Louisiana program, all the participants were low-income parents, three-quarters of whom were unmarried or living without a partner. "We're talking about adults who have quite a number of other responsibilities," says Brock. "When you're talking about minors who are required by law to be in school, that's a different situation...