Word: notional
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...read Machiavelli's The Prince to enlarge their understanding of real political intrigue, a guide to contemporary Washington. If some other, lesser man than Carter were in the White House, thought Ted, we would have had a little army down in Nicaragua by this time, a Machiavellian notion...
...promise of American democracy." What are these seditious views? A certain discouraged attitude about the future and human nature in general. Misgivings about the decline of the family and the habit of hard work. A sense that some sort of religious values must be re-established in America. A notion that individuals should be responsible for their own success or failure...
...untrue, says Sulloway: the notion that infants possessed sexual stirrings was fashionable during the 1890s, even before Freud wrote about it, and the idea that neurotic conflict had a sexual component was also conventional. Indeed, says the author, many of the ideas that Freud synthesized into psychoanalysis had been around for years: among them, such now familiar concepts as the unconscious, the pleasure principle, regression and sublimation. Fliess, a Berlin physician who was Freud's closest friend for years, convinced Freud that all human beings were bisexual, and also offered ideas on the latency period (low sexuality preceding puberty...
Freud always considered himself a "bold oppositionist," at his best warding off attackers. Around this notion, says Sulloway, grew the myth that Freud was beset on all sides for his shocking new ideas. In truth, much of the medical Establishment was on the same track as Freud, and his books were generally well received. In his three-volume biography, The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud, Ernest Jones insists that The Interpretation of Dreams "had been hailed as fantastic and ridiculous." Comments Sulloway: "Actually the book was widely and favorably reviewed in popular and scientific periodicals and it was recognized...
...Herbert Benson of Boston's Beth Israel Hospital agrees with that common-sense notion. Well known for his work on the physiological effects experienced by practitioners of Transcendental Meditation, he has recently reviewed studies of patients suffering from angina, a severe chest pain related to heart disease. He found that when physicians were initially enthusiastic about a remedy, even if it later proved worthless by ordinary medical definition, it acted as a placebo in about 80% of all cases. Conversely, Benson says, flaws in the patient-doctor relationship may account for some of the equally puzzling unpleasant effects, including...