Word: nuclear
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...slashed its forces drastically after every war. Crash mobilization was necessary for the U.S. to fight in Korea and, even after that lesson, another large reduction took place when the Eisenhower Administration enunciated the doctrine of massive retaliation. This strategy assumed that any war would quickly become a major nuclear exchange of short duration, and thus assigned big money to nuclear weaponry to the detriment of conventional forces. The threat of nuclear death would prevent overt Communist aggression, went the theory, and the rest would not matter. But it has been the rest-in Viet Nam and elsewhere-that...
...threat of direct nuclear clash between the U.S. and Russia has all but vanished for the foreseeable future. The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 taught Moscow how easy it is to slide from cold war gamesmanship toward white-hot holocaust, and the knowledge was profoundly sobering. The possibility of a sneak nuclear attack, while not entirely discounted, is pretty well ruled out by military men; the attacker could not himself escape destruction. Says Herman Kahn, the physicist and Government consultant who popularized the term "escalation": "Barring a blowup in Eastern Europe, there will be no confrontation with the Soviets...
...from 680 to 465 by the early 1970s, but the Tactical Air Force will add three wings to bring its total to 24. So far, Secretary McNamara has turned a deaf ear to Air Force requests to develop an Advanced Manned Strategic Aircraft. The Navy, strengthened by three additional nuclear-powered aircraft carriers in the next few years, will have no powerful adversary on the surface of any ocean, but it faces a growing undersea threat from Russia's fleet of 430 submarines. It will concentrate much of its effort on learning to take on and eliminate this threat...
...threat of U.S. aggression had faded. It proposed that any nation desiring Russian troops on its soil should conclude bilateral treaties with Moscow to keep them. The message also suggested that Moscow should gain the unanimous approval of all Warsaw Pact nations before it ever uses its tactical nuclear weapons in Europe. And, asked the Rumanians, why should not the command of the Warsaw Pact military alliance be rotated among member nationalities, rather than remaining solely in Russian hands...
...Germany's Walter Ulbricht that joint plans be drafted for the formation of a German confederation, no longer insisting on free all-German elections or the tearing down of the Communist Wall as preconditions to the talks. Ulbricht is taken aback, but accepts when Erhard promises to renounce nuclear armament and maintain East Germany's socialist economy. Ulbricht wins congratulations from Pope Paul VI but is overthrown by a hard-lining Communist clique when public opinion in East Germany runs rampantly in advance of the formal negotiations and forces him to order the Wall torn down. After...