Word: nuclearization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...message to Moscow that urged the Russians to defer deploying their own anti-missile defense in the interest of furthering world disarmament. "We have the solemn duty," said the President, "to slow down the arms race between us, if that is at all possible, in both conventional and nuclear weapons and defenses...
...Nuclear Annoyance. Despite hopes for detente, the talks also turned to defense. Kiesinger is upset that the U.S. seems willing to negotiate a nuclear nonproliferation treaty with the Soviets that would leave unanswered the question of German participation in-and protection under-some future European nuclear strike force. De Gaulle, who opposes the treaty anyhow, used the West German annoyance to loosen slightly Kiesinger's future commitment to NATO. He got Kiesinger to agree to set up joint Franco-German military committees to plan common strategy and common weaponry for the 1970s...
...invasion. But the fact remains that the bombing of Germany and Japan obliterated the discrimination of a just war between soldier and civilian. This led many Christian thinkers to decide that the concept of the just war was simply no longer applicable in modern times because a nuclear exchange would kill so much of the world's population that whatever good might be aimed for-freedom, for example-would itself be wiped out and rendered meaningless through nearly universal destruction...
There is some limited dissent even from this almost univer sally held view. According to Lateran University's Monsignor Ferdinando Lambrushchini, the destruction of military objectives with nuclear weapons might be morally more justifiable than the bombing of cities with TNT. However, the moral condemnation of nuclear war is relatively obvious and easy. What is often overlooked is the fact that the very horror of using nuclear weapons may have inaugurated a new era in which limited, conventional wars are likelier than before. It is precisely in such limited conflicts that the old just-war principles seem pertinent again...
Several CO's have hit on a common approach, though. They privately interpret "war in any form" to mean "war in any form that it can take, given the international environment while I am eligible for the draft." They proceed to note that the nuclear stalemate makes World War II situations out of the question. The nature of war has changed. The only type of warfare conceivable under present circumstances is in guerrilla or counter-guerrilla intervention, which they say is by nature unjust. If the only possible type of war is the Vietnam form, the reasoning goes...