Word: nuclearization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...preliminary discussions that will lead to one of the most auspicious developments in more than two decades of the cold war: strategic arms limitation talks, already known by the odd acronym SALT. The aim of SALT is to slow down the ever more costly investment by both superpowers in nuclear weaponry that is increasingly sophisticated and deadly...
...sides finally get down to setting a date to begin the talks? First, the U.S. and the Soviets must take stock of just where they stand. In existing offensive weapons delivery systems, both sides have intercontinental bombers, land-based ICBMs and atom-powered submarines with sea-launched nuclear missiles. The U.S. has 510 B-52 and 80 B58 jet bombers as against 150 turboprop Soviet TU-95 Bears. There are 1,054 Minuteman and Titan II U.S. ICBMs, v. about 1,000 Russian ICBMs in the SS series. Undersea, the U.S. has 41 Polaris submarines, while the Soviets are adding...
...likely to be guarded in revealing its plans-is in two new-generation weapon systems now under development. One is offensive, the other defensive. Offensively, the U.S. has already tested its Hydra-headed MIRV (for multiple independently targeted re-entry vehicle), which enables one launcher to drop separate nuclear warheads on widely scattered targets. The Soviets are working on the same weapon, though the U.S. is generally thought to be ahead. Defensively, the U.S. Safeguard antiballistic-missile system has just narrowly won Senate approval; the Soviets already have 67 relatively unsophisticated Galosh ABMs dug in around Moscow...
...ballistic-missile submarines, bombers and ABM systems are abandoned, with all nuclear weapons removed from fighters based on land and on aircraft carriers. Each side retains 1,000 ICBMs with MIRV warheads, thus achieving a precisely even face...
...Most drastically, each country is allowed only 20 Polaris-type submarines carrying 16 MIRVed missiles apiece; no other nuclear weapons-ICBMs, bombers, nuclear-armed fighters or ABMs-are permitted, and hunter-killer submarines that could attack and cripple the Polaris boats are also banned. Again a balance is struck, but at a much lower level of destructive capability...