Word: nuclearization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...lacks a strong commitment to sending humans to Mars, the Administration's space policy, announced by President Reagan in February, does envision eventual "human exploration of the solar system." Toward that end, NASA has launched Project Pathfinder, a program to develop 18 new space technologies. They include compact nuclear reactors for powering lunar or Martian bases, in-space construction and assembly of spacecraft, and orbiting fuel depots for moon and Mars ships. "You can talk about going to Mars," says Pathfinder Leader Robert Rosen, "but you can't do it without these technologies." Congress appropriated $40 million for the project...
...1970s Mao Zedong ordered the urban populations of northern China to "dig tunnels deep and store grain everywhere" in preparation for Soviet nuclear strikes. Now the vast network of tunnels beneath the streets of Harbin is being converted into a subway. Other shelters are already serving as underground hotels and shopping centers. In the meantime, citizens of Khabarovsk pour hot water for their tea not only from traditional Russian samovars but also from colorfully decorated thermos bottles imported from China. Plans are under way for a Chinese restaurant, staffed and supplied from across the river, to open later this year...
...earning good money on the farms." To make ends meet, the generals have been forced to become entrepreneurs themselves, selling weapons to foreign countries to bring in extra cash. Western leaders have criticized them for selling Silkworm missiles to Iran and CSS-2 medium-range missiles, capable of carrying nuclear warheads, to Saudi Arabia...
...accounts for 1.013% of GNP. The U.S. Congress voted overwhelmingly last year to urge Japan to triple its defense spending, to 3% of GNP. The idea appeals to many Americans: the U.S. spends about 6% of GNP on defense, and part of that goes to protecting Japan from possible nuclear and conventional attacks. But Carlucci said in Tokyo that he saw no need for "dramatic leaps" in Japanese defense spending. He added: "I would not know how to tell them how to spend it within the roles and missions we have agreed upon...
...cases in point. Before the Reagan Administration offered a new medium- range nuclear missile proposal to the Soviet Union in 1986, the White House sent retired General Edward Rowny to clear it with Tokyo. The Japanese were horrified by a provision that would have left some Soviet SS-20 missiles in Asia within striking distance of Japan. When Rowny reported back to Washington, Tokyo's objections helped kill the plan. The Asian missiles will be dismantled under the intermediate-range nuclear forces treaty signed by Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev last December...