Word: nuclearization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...qualms. He reported excess heat from a cold-fusion device tucked into a red picnic cooler. Because he performed a control experiment to rule out a conventional chemical reaction, this was the strongest confirmation yet. The next day, Francesco Scaramuzzi, a bearded physicist with the Italian National Agency for Nuclear and Alternative Energy, reported what has been dubbed "Frascati fusion," for the town near Rome where his team detected the neutron signature of cold fusion. This, plus other announcements from India and South America, was beginning to give the doubters pause. Then, on April 25, the tide turned. Georgia Tech...
Fusion, the nuclear reaction that powers the sun, occurs when the nuclei of two small atoms join together to form a larger atom, releasing energy and neutrons. Scientists had believed fusion possible only under great temperatures and pressures until the Utah researchers announced they had produced it at room temperature...
Other physicists at the convention supported Petrasso's report. Nathan Lewis, a chemist at the California Institute of Technology, said Monday that his duplications of the original experiment showed no evidence at all of nuclear reactions, even when the parameters of the experiment were changed...
...enormous chunk of space rock hit the planet, the Alvarezes theorized, it would have largely disintegrated, casting a pall of iridium-rich dust and other debris over the world that could have lasted for months. Deprived of sunlight by this all-natural version of "nuclear winter," plants -- and the animals that fed on them -- would have died in droves. And when the dust finally settled, the iridium it contained would have formed just such a layer as the Alvarezes found...
...there any way to avoid collisions with asteroids and comets? Perhaps. A nuclear warhead aimed right at a small asteroid could vaporize it, says Alan Harris, an astronomer at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. But the warhead might also simply break the rock into pieces that would hit the earth anyway. A better plan, proposed by concerned scientists in the early 1980s, would be to use explosives to deflect an asteroid rather than destroy it. Properly positioned, a bomb could nudge a threatening object enough to make it miss the planet. The catch, says Harris, is that there...