Word: nuclearization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Beset by safety problems and mismanagement, the Long Island Lighting Co.'s $5.4 billion Shoreham nuclear plant has been denied permission to operate at full power since it was completed in 1984. Reason: lack of an approved evacuation plan. As community opposition has grown, the facility has been the subject of legal and political wrangling. Last week a federal jury found LILCO and its former president, Wilfred Uhl, guilty of lying to state officials about Shoreham's progress in 1978 and 1984 in order to obtain rate increases to help finance the project. Uhl and LILCO were fined $22.8 million...
...Germany, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. If George Bush can build on it, this surprise announcement could reinvigorate conventional arms-control talks, which in turn could help the U.S. out of its budget morass and alleviate strains within NATO over how to share the burden of maintaining a sturdy conventional and nuclear defense...
Boris Shcherbina, a deputy prime minister who directed the cleanup after the April, 1986 Chernobyl nuclear plant accident, told Tass in Leninakan...
...current strategic-arms talks, the U.S. is already attempting to reduce a destabilizing threat it introduced without sufficient reflection a decade ago. The U.S.deployed MIRVs (multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles), which enabled a single U.S. Trident I missile to carry as many as eight nuclear warheads. The rationale -- similar to that of Stealth -- was to penetrate Soviet antiballistic-missile defenses, which were themselves considered destabilizing because they threatened the American ability to retaliate effectively. But the Soviets responded with huge ten-headed SS-18 missiles that can destroy the U.S. land-based deterrence. These so-called silo busters offer...
...checkerboard of action and reaction, stability is often in the eye of the beholder. Albert Carnesale, a widely respected nuclear strategist, wryly observes that "weapons are destabilizing only if they are your adversary's." The difference between an offensive first-strike weapon and one useful just for defensive retaliation "lies in intent only," says Carnesale. Yet often weapons are introduced largely because the technology is available, rather than to meet essential strategic requirements. As George Bush considers how to proceed with SDI, Stealth and the START talks, the standard he must apply is the quest for stability...