Word: nuclearization
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Both U.S. presidential candidates agree that Iran must be stopped from acquiring nuclear-weapons capability, and their preferred option for doing so is diplomacy - by which they mean sanctions. Even though John McCain is more inclined to keep a military option "on the table," the U.S. military establishment has made clear that attacking Iran is the proverbial "bridge too far", whose consequences would pose an unacceptable risk to U.S. interests. The problem is that the current diplomatic effort is going nowhere...
...Americans, it may appear reckless for the Syrians to provoke Israel by beefing up Hizballah -especially with Israel now constrained in how it can respond to Iran's nuclear program. (The U.S. has made clear to the Israelis that getting into a war with Iran is the proverbial bridge too far, and that Washington therefore won't support or enable an Israeli military strike on the Islamic Republic.) But, again, Americans don't understand the Alawites' dark insecurity - and the fact that they will risk war with Israel if they believe their survival requires...
...significance of the deal, known as the 123 Agreement, cannot be overestimated. In addition to reversing 34 years of U.S. policy opposing nuclear cooperation with India - a nuclear weapons state that continues to refuse to sign the 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty - the deal wins acceptance for India's de facto nuclear weapons state status at the Nuclear Suppliers Group, the international cartel that controls trade in nuclear weapons, fuel and technology. That recognition will finally allow India to take part in international nuclear commerce and its scientists to participate in international nuclear research activities. For India, the approval...
Still, some apprehension over the details of the legislation remains, especially in India where some pundits believe the U.S. has retracted its earlier assurances that it would help India access technology to reprocess spent fuel and build a stockpile of nuclear material to tide over any potential supply disruptions. President Bush's recent statement in which he said his administration has made a "political" but not "legally-binding" commitment to assure fuel supply to India has upset many. Others, however, point out that assured fuel supply depends on India sticking to the commitments it has made to the International Atomic...
...thing India does not doubt is that the 123 Agreement will transform the way the country is viewed in the eyes of world. According to strategic affairs analyst Manoj Joshi, without access to international nuclear trade, India "could boast of our bomb, our BPO prowess, economic growth, invites to the G-8 meetings and candidacy for the UN Security Council seat? But we were firmly at a different level from, say, China. They could import powerful computers, uranium, sensitive machine tools, software and components for satellites that were denied to us." Today, that changed, as did the international community...