Word: nuclei
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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SLAC's electrons, with about three times as much energy as generated in the next most powerful electron accelerator, should produce new and revealing glimpses of the subatomic world by their reactions with atomic nuclei. SLAC has also been designed for the eventual addition of another 715 klystrons, which would increase its energy level to 40 BEV, exceeding even the output of Brookhaven National Laboratory's 33 BEV proton-accelerating synchrotron, currently the world's most powerful accelerator...
...dedicated a new office and research center for the five-year-old MicroFLOC Corp., whose high-rate water-filtration system is one of the world's most advanced, has been bought by 50 communities and industries. General Electric has developed a gas and vapor measurer and a condensation nuclei counter that counts dirt particles in the air, is test-marketing an electronic air cleaner for homes...
...deep chamber, which he knew would shield out nearly all radiation from the surface except the deep-penetrating neutrinos. He lined the sides of the chamber with 36 containers of common mineral oil. Then he waited for an expected reaction of several stages: 1) the neutrinos hit atomic nuclei in the rock surrounding the chamber; 2) this interaction generated particles called mu-mesons; 3) the mu-mesons penetrated the mineral oil; 4) this caused tiny flashes of light called scintillations. On a 20-ton scintillation detector, Reines registered the scintillations, which he knew were caused originally by neutrinos...
Since nothing can travel faster than light, any object that changes in brilliance cannot be larger than the distance light would travel during the period of fluctuation. Even the crowded nuclei of normal galaxies are many thousand light-years in diameter, so no known influence could cross them quickly enough to make them flicker on a monthly tempo. An object that flickers so fast would have to be less than one light-year in diameter, unless it follows physical laws that are wholly unsuspected by human scientists...
...mile tunnel that slices through the rolling countryside behind Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif., was built for one purpose only: to house a linear accelerator with a beam of 20-billion-volt electrons that might knock stubborn secrets out of atomic nuclei. The accelerator is not yet complete, but its construction has already led to a striking discovery in the unexpected field of paleontology. A bulldozer digging a trench at the end of the tunnel veered a few feet from its guideline and uncovered a ponderous and peculiar skeleton...