Word: nuclei
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...cell is that different genes in each cell seem to be "turned on." In the language of biologists, the cells are differentiated. U.S. Biologists Robert W. Briggs and Thomas J. King confirmed this principle and pioneered the basic technique of animal cloning in the early 1950s. They removed the nuclei of unfertilized egg cells from female frogs. These nuclei were then replaced with nuclei taken from the cells of developing frog embryos, which at this early stage were merely clumps of cells that had not yet differentiated into specific organs. Some of the frog eggs, with their newly implanted nuclei...
Cooling and expansion of the central core of energy occurred so rapidly, he said, that by 182 seconds after "time zero," the originally infinite temperature of the universe had cooled to 109 degrees Kelvin, and hydrogen and helium nuclei had formed...
...Canadian migration stems from a discovery by Dr. Lyman Smith, an orthopedic surgeon in Elgin, Ill. In the early 1960s he found that injections of papain, a simple papaya extract, dissolved the nuclei of discs between the vertebrae of rabbits. As a result, the discs shrank. If papain had the same effect on human slipped discs, he reasoned, they would shrink back into place...
...magnetic technique takes advantage of a phenomenon that occurs when a deuterium-tritium mixture, or any other gas, is heated to an extremely high temperature: the atoms of gas are stripped of their electrons. The gas thus becomes a "plasma"-a mixture of negatively charged electrons and positively charged nuclei, or ions. Because these charged particles will not generally cross magnetic lines of force, they can be confined by a powerful magnetic field. The magnetic bottle is the only known practical container in which fusion can be sustained for any significant amount of time. If a plasma were to come...
...energetic beams causes instant vaporization, or boiling away, of the outer surface of the sphere. As the pellet coating flies outward, it pushes back against the deuterium and tritium, compressing and heating the mixture. If the impinging beams are energetic enough, the effect will be so great that the nuclei will fuse, releasing energy like a miniature H-bomb. Among others, researchers at Los Alamos (N. Mex.) Scientific Laboratory and the Lawrence Livermore lab have achieved fusion in laser experiments with the pellets. More impressive reactions may occur in late 1977, when scientists at Lawrence Livermore complete work...