Word: nuclei
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...theories that attempt to describe the nature of matter and energy as simply as possible. The model holds that nearly all the matter we know of, from garter snakes to galaxies, is composed of just four particles: two quarks, which make up the protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei; electrons, which surround the nuclei; and neutrinos, which are fast-moving, virtually massless objects that are shot out of nuclear reactions. These particles of matter are, in turn, acted upon by four forces: the strong nuclear force, which binds quarks together in atomic nuclei; the weak nuclear force, which triggers some...
...Ramsey's so-called separated oscillatory fields technique did not just become a valuable scientific tool; it also provided the basis for modern-day atomic clocks. Like the ticking of a pendulum in a grandfather clock, the rapid-fire (9,192,631.770 times a second) oscillations of cesium-atom nuclei, spinning like tops inside a magnetic field, can be used to pace off time...
...physicists offered several theories about where the Utah experiments had gone wrong. Pons and Fleischmann claimed that they had caused the nuclei of deuterium atoms, a heavy form of hydrogen, to fuse together to form helium, thus releasing radiation and heat energy. But, the physicists suggested, the radiation detected might have come from radon that was already present in the laboratory's air. The helium reported could also have seeped into the apparatus from...
Fusion, the nuclear reaction that powers the sun, occurs when the nuclei of two small atoms join together to form a larger atom, releasing energy and neutrons. Scientists had believed fusion possible only under great temperatures and pressures until the Utah researchers announced they had produced it at room temperature...
...test, Silvera puts palladium in a deuterium solution, which he then squeezes together with a high-pressure apparatus. He said his goal is to make the deuterium nuclei fuse together at a temperature of 120 degrees Kelvin, which corresponds to 245 degrees below zero Fahrenheit...