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After the giant laser is dedicated in a ceremony at Livermore this week, scientists will employ its intense beam of light in an attempt to weld the nuclei of hydrogen atoms, releasing bursts of energy at temperatures exceeding those at the center of the sun. Should they succeed in harnessing nuclear fusion, they could point the way toward a limitless supply of cheap, clean power. "Once we crack the problem of fusion," says John Emmett, associate director for lasers at Livermore, "we have an assured source of energy for as long as you want to think about it. It will...
...awesome might of fusion energy can be explained by Albert Einstein's famed equation, E = mc 2. When two nuclei from hydrogen atoms are shoved together to become a single, heavier helium nucleus, a tiny bit of their individual masses is converted into a tremendous amount of energy. In weapons, that energy is uncontrolled and destructive. To channel it into a usable form, scientists must be able to control the fusion reac- tion and confine it to a chamber, which requires surmounting some formidable physical constraints. The hydrogen nuclei must be crushed together with enough force to overcome their mutually...
Quarks are believed to be the basic building blocks of all the larger atomic particles. Three of them are bound together to form each proton and neutron in the nuclei of atoms...
...ideas were so unorthodox that they were ignored for 35 years. But by the time the Mendelian concept was rediscovered at the turn of the century, scientists were better prepared for it. They already suspected that genetic information was hidden inside pairs of tiny, threadlike strands in cell nuclei called chromosomes, or colored bodies (for their ability to pick up dyes). During cell division they always split lengthwise, giving each daughter cell a full share of what was presumed to be hereditary material...
DIED. Felix Bloch, 77, Swiss-born U.S. physicist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize with American Edward Purcell for the study of nuclear magnetic resonance, a method of measuring the frequencies of signals emitted by atomic nuclei under the influence of radio waves in an electromagnetic field; of a heart attack; in Zurich. NMR has revolutionized medical science as a diagnostic method without the ionizing radiation of CAT-scan X rays or painful injections of contrast material...