Word: nucleus
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...though, it's clearly a genetic abnormality that almost always sets things off. Mitochondria are different from the rest of the cell in that they have their own DNA, inherited directly from the mother (with no input from the father) that's entirely separate from the DNA in the nucleus. Evolutionary biologists suspect, in fact, that these organelles started out as independent bacteria that were absorbed long ago into cells and harnessed as energy factories...
...genetic "letters," compared with 3 billion in the nuclear genome--had been sequenced. That let researchers link specific, rare disorders to specific mitochondrial mutations, always passed from mother to child. But by the time the Human Genome Project was completed in 2000, it was clear that mutations in the nucleus could cause problems in the mitochondria as well. "We now estimate," says Mootha, "that while mitochondrial DNA encodes just 13 proteins, another 1,500 or so proteins used by mitochondria are encoded by the nucleus...
...Atomic number of the newest element on the periodic table. The number refers to the quantity of protons in the nucleus of the element-the heaviest ever detected .001 sec. Length of time that the element existed, according to Russian and U.S. scientists who said last week that they had created it in a particle accelerator...
...Atomic number of the newest element on the periodic table. The number refers to the quantity of protons in the nucleus of the element--the heaviest ever detected...
...those patients resistant to drugs currently used for treatment, according to the senior author, Harvard Medical School (HMS) Associate Professor of Medicine Myles A. Brown. Estrogen contributes to tumor cell growth via its role in binding to a protein net known as the estrogen receptor (ER), located in the nucleus of 70 percent of breast cancer cells. When estrogen attaches to this receptor, the binding initiates a flurry of activity in genes directly related to cell growth and division. Many cancerous cells have a disproportionately high number of ERs in their nuclei, facilitating the rapid propagation of these malignant cells...