Word: nucleus
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...battleground in the search for cells. After exhaustive ethical review, its researchers announced this summer that they would develop new cell lines through somatic cell nuclear transfer, or therapeutic cloning. In this process, a cell from a patient with diabetes, for instance, is inserted into an unfertilized egg whose nucleus has been removed; then it is prodded into growing in a petri dish for a few days until its stem cells can be harvested. Unlike fertility-clinic embryos, these cells would match the patient's DNA, so the body would be less likely to reject a transplant derived from them...
...process by which that is achieved is called nuclear transfer. The first step is to remove the nucleus from an egg and replace it with the nucleus of an adult cell (in Dolly's case, a cell from a ewe's udder). The two components are electrically fused and chemically activated to trick the hybrid cell into dividing like an embryo. Not surprisingly, the process doesn't always go right. "I call it a lottery," says Wilmut. "Even if you use the same method as consistently as you can, you may get some clones with severe abnormalities and some that...
...Harvard biologist Kevin C. Eggan will lead one team, focusing at first on diabetes research. Daley’s team, which is based at Children’s Hospital, has been conducting preliminary SCNT experiments on malignant blood diseases for the past two months.CUSTOM-TAILORED CELLSIn SCNT, the nucleus of a fully differentiated cell is inserted into a de-nucleated egg and developed into blastocysts, which can be used to create stem cell lines.Melton and Eggan will be using skin cells harvested from diabetes patients. The long-term goals of the research will be both academic and clinical, the researchers...
...seasons remained undeniable. The 2002-03 team had a strong core of upperclassmen, led by captain Brady Merchant, Pat Harvey and Elliot Prasse-Freeman, who expected to lead Harvard into competition for the league title, much as captain Matt Stehle, Brian Cusworth and Mike Beal formed the nucleus of the 2005-06 team, the preseason pick to finish second in the league. Both squads got off to strong starts, going 8-5 in non-conference play and sweeping Dartmouth to enter the heart of the season 10-5. Those high expectations soon gave way to bitter disappointment...
...have the same nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, since they're produced when a single egg is fertilized and the resulting embryo splits in two. With a clone, the situation is different. Because the cloning process that Hwang says he used to create Snuppy involves two dogs--one for the nucleus and another for the egg--Snuppy's mitochondrial DNA should not match Tai's. That's what Rhee's scientists say they've found and what Hwang undoubtedly hopes the university and Nature will find as well. Final, ironclad proof of Snuppy's provenance would involve showing that...