Word: nuncios
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...last week was that of Pope Pius XII. He had been hailed at his election as a shrewd diplomat who would be an authoritative moral policeman among Europe's thugs. He succeeded a man who had learned early in life (in sorry Poland, ironically, where he was Papal Nuncio just after World War I) to fight against extreme ideologies, and who late in life had waged that fight-particularly against Naziism-with superhuman strength. "No good Catholic" Pius XI had said "can be a Socialist"-and before he died he made clear especially not a National Socialist...
Cardinal Maglione is a seasoned diplomat who went to school with Eugenio Pacelli, has in recent years been Papal Nuncio in Switzerland and in France. When he was sent to France in 1926, he was coldly received as "pro-German." Before he left in 1936, he had grown so close to the French Government that he was reported to have had a hand in the Hoare-Laval peace offer during the Italo-Ethi-opian War. Last week, before he was named, the German and Italian Governments actively opposed Cardinal Magli-one's candidacy for Secretary of State...
Germany, having plumped hard for a "nonpolitical" Pope, was rewarded with a man who was not only potentially the most political of all the Cardinals, but also one who, as Papal Nuncio to Germany from 1920 to 1929, knows plenty about specifically German politics. The German press was as flat and as quiet as a Cardinal's hat over the choice. The official Italian press, having urged an Italian Pope, was politely thankful. In Britain, France, the U. S. and many another libertarian State, there was universal joy that the man who had helped shape the brave, humane policies...
...Catholic statesman, born of a noble (but not rich) Roman family which had furnished functionaries to the Holy See for two centuries, Eugenic Pacelli rose swiftly. During the World War he was Nuncio at Munich, a channel through which went many diplomatic negotiations, including Pope Benedict XV's famed peace proposals. By the time he returned to Rome in 1929 to accept his red hat, Cardinal Pacelli had arranged papal concordats with Bavaria, with Prussia. Two months later he succeeded aging Cardinal Gasparri as Secretary of State...
...President Roosevelt, who regards the Roman Catholic Church as a potential ally in fighting democracy's battle, maintains contact with Pope Pius XI through the New Deal's good friend, George Cardinal Mundelein of Chicago-who might very well become Papal Nuncio to the U. S. should diplomatic relations be re-established with the Vatican. Last fortnight there was further evidence of the new collaboration between the Church and the U. S. in the departure for South America of two able representatives of the U. S. Catholic hierarchy - Bishop James Hugh Ryan of Omaha and Rev. Dr. Maurice...