Word: nuremberg
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...heart attack; in New York City. An affable, erudite New Yorker, Gurfein graduated from Harvard Law School in 1930 and became a chief aide to Thomas E. Dewey, then special state rackets prosecutor, later New York's Governor. He served as one of the prosecutors at the 1946 Nuremberg war crimes trials, practiced law privately for 25 years, and was nominated by President Nixon as a judge for a U.S. district court in New York in April 1971. Two months later, in the most celebrated decision of his career, he ruled against the Government in its attempt to suppress...
Perhaps most controversially, Gofman advocates "bringing home the Nuremberg Principles." Death spread by nuclear power strikes him as murder of a civilian population, fitting the Nuremberg definition of crimes against humanity. The Nuremberg statement that "Crimes against international law are committed by men, not abstract entities" would therefore open legions of scientists, bureaucrats and others to prosecution. The more practical converse of his view is that citizens who withhold taxes, trespass on reactor sites or otherwise resist nuclear power are entitled to present juries with the reasons for their civil disobedience--a line of defense judges disallow...
...again he succeeded. Roman Rodenko, the Soviet prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials, praised Wiesel's mission as "noble"; Soviet historians and writers first insisted that only Soviet citizens died in the war, not Jews as such. But they ended by promising copies of documents and inviting an exchange of scholars...
...make such a proposal politically unacceptable." His solution is simple: if the fight looks hopeless, don't think about it. But pages later he turns around and berates the American Gas Company for demanding that all references to "gas ovens" be removed from a program it sponsored about the Nuremberg war trials. At the end of the book, Cowan tells us "some may argue that television is too powerful a tool to be left to a process so crass and mindlessly competitive." But he concludes, "that is the commercial television system, and it isn't likely to change...
Adrian VI was the first Pope to face the consequences of Martin Luther's reform movement. But his confession of ecclesiastical errors and call for reform at Nuremberg in 1522 antagonized the German bishops almost more than Luther did-and anyhow came too late. When the Pope died virtually unmourned after a pontificate of 20 months, someone hung laurels on the door of the papal physician who had failed to save his life. For 455 years after that, Adrian's disastrous tenure cast a "Dutch curse" over the possibility of another non-Italian Pope...