Word: oaths
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Ever since Italian schools opened this year Catholic teachers have been writing to Pope Pius XI. What was the Holy Father's opinion, they asked, of the Italian requirement that every school-teacher take an oath of allegiance to "the King, his royal successor, and the Fascist regime," when His Holiness in his encyclical of last July had condemned the Fascist oath of allegiance and urged Catholics to take it "with mental reservations...
...laws were clothed, the use of cipher in official communications; all these are typical of the fraternities of the time. The ritual of initiation was pompous: in referring to meetings, it stated "everything transacted within this room is transacted Sub rosa, and detested is he that discloses it"; an oath had to be taken to "keep, hold & preserve all secrets that pertain to your duty"; a special fraternity "grip" was employed; the symbolism of the name PBK the three stars, and the letters SP on the medal, was kept scrupulously guarded...
...this chapter naturally expressed disapproval. But the necessity, and even the advisability, of such secrecy, was called into question before many years had passed. The anti-Masonic agitation of the eighteen-twenties and thirties did not pass by Phi Beta Kappa, which was attacked for binding its members by oath not to disclose its secrets. In 1831, the President of the Harvard chapter, Edward Everett, wrote a letter to Mr. Justice Story, in which he stated: "Several friends with whom I have conversed, think it expedient wholly to drop the affectation of secrecy. . . One gentleman thinks the Society useless, & that...
...wife: "And whenever I open the pot to take out, I'll remember to take out a piece for the Lord. Recall it to my mind iffen ever I forget, Philly. Recall it to my mind how I stood, my hand up in the air for a strong oath, iffen ever the kettle is opened and some is taken out, one piece of equal kind goes to God. Make me recollect I promised." Philly said she would, but allowed she could not pledge herself to make...
...Before the blue sky, before the white sun, before our fatherland, before the graves of our ancestors, we, faculty and students, solemnly swear as long as we live never to use anything made by Japanese. Should we break this oath, may Heaven and men kill...