Word: oaths
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Unequivocal Disavowal. Last week General Gursel staged a public ceremony to reassure the doubters. Before an overflow audience of Turkish citizens, foreign diplomatic and press representatives in the flag-decked Parliamentary chamber, he summoned all 38 members of the junta to a public oath-taking. "As your leader, I will take the oath first," said Gursel. One by one, in alphabetical order, the officers swore "that I will not depart from the aim of organizing a democratic republic according to the constitution, and from turning over the government to an elected parliament...
...overriding loyalties are to his family and his tribe. By compelling Mau Mau members to violate not only Christian ethics but every tribal taboo as well, says Corfield, Mau Mau leaders deliberately reduced their victims to a state where a man who took the Mau Mau oath was cut off "from all hope, outside Mau Mau, in this world or the next." To achieve this, the Mau Mau leadership forced its recruits, voluntary or involuntary, to seal their oaths by digging up corpses and eating their putrefied flesh, copulating with sheep, dogs or adolescent girls, and by drinking the famed...
Once the blood lust had been aroused to this pitch, the oath taker was easily led to kill his own father or mother, wife, child or master at Mau Mau command. And any local Mau Mau leader devising a fouler ritual was under obligation to pass along his recipe immediately to his less inventive colleagues. Since there were seven basic oaths, which could be taken over and over again, Mau Mau ceremonies thus became perpetual orgies. The result was that, when a Mau Mau convert did repent and vomit out his story to authorities, he sometimes ended by humbly asking...
...returning. Last week, following mounting reports of a revival of Mau Mau oathtaking, a Kikuyu chief loyal to the government was slain, and in the old Mau Mau fashion his son and teen-age daughter were smeared with his blood and forced to take the oath...
...every sector of his activities he must inspire his private and public conduct by the laws, orientation and instructions of the hierarchy." In response to the editorial, Kennedy's press secretary, Pierre Salinger, issued a statement: "The American officeholder is committed by an oath to God to support and defend the Constitution of the United States, which includes Article I providing for the separation of church and state." Kennedy's support of this principle "is not subject to change under any condition...